A sitemap is the file that you specify to let the search engines know about the pages, videos, and images hosted on your website. By creating a sitemap, you can specify which pages are important, when they were last updated, and how often they were changed as well as alternate language versions (if any). You may also create an HTML version of the sitemap for your visitors to allow them to easily navigate your website.

Client Hints is a new feature introduced by Google on Chrome browser and is later adopted by other browsers and included in the HTTP specifications. Client Hints was developed to help deliver responsive web easier and faster, and also makes it easier for webmasters to markup less code.

Google is introducing new search algorithms such as mobile-first indexing and passage ranking as well as new frameworks like advanced mobile pages (AMP). Page load time is a key factor in search rankings, and more and more users are searching from mobile devices than desktop. The key takeaway from this is (1) speed and (2) mobile-friendly.

The Internet is a part of our lives, and can no longer live without it. We use it to check our daily weather forecast, read morning news briefs, trade stocks, and listen to our favorite music on Spotify. What makes the World Wide Web possible is domain names, and ICANN is the organization that manages them.

Development of heat maps dated back to the 19th century to provide a graphical representation of complex data so that it is easier for humans to analyze at-a-glance. Back then, a gray-scale shading was used to depict data patterns and the darker color was used to indicated dense values while lighter color was used to depict lesser values. A few applications of heat maps include depicting weather reports, real estate market data, and financial market analysis. The beauty of using heat maps is that you don't have to read a table of data in rows and columns to understand complex data, but rather view a simple colored map to grasp the big picture of data representation.

When a browser requests a webpage, the server returns the response with an HTTP status code. Regardless of whether the server fulfills your request, the server will always return a status code to indicate the response was successful. If the server fails to return a response, the status code will indicate why it failed. The HTTP Status Code is returned as a part of the HTTP response header from the webserver.

A user agent is a string sent to the webserver when a page is requested by a browser. User Agent is a request header that is included with other HTTP headers and sent by the browser to identify itself which operating system and type of browser it is. The user agent is sent with every HTTP request it makes to a web server. Each browser provides a built-in user agent string when making a request, but this string can be changed by a user.

One of the best features of chromium browsers including Chrome, Opera, Vivaldi, and Brave is the ability to install browser extensions and add capabilities not built into the browser. There are thousands of browser extensions, and we have hand-picked a handful of "free" extensions that are useful to digital marketers. We've displayed the extensions in no particular order, so explore the extensions and see if it's worth to you.

Web browsers today offer a built-in password manager, and auto-populate username and password on the websites you visit. This is a very convenient feature offered by virtually all web browser makers including Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Microsoft Edge. The question is whether you can trust browser password managers to store your passwords without a security risk.

Google Analytics keeps track of website visitors as users, and it uses the Client ID stored in the browser cookie to determine it. Google Analytics stores _ga cookie in the user's browser and the browser sends cookie data to a web server every time it makes a request. To view your Google Analytics (GA) cookie for a specific site, you may use developer tools available on your browser to view them. For example, on Google Chrome you may click the F12 key -> Applications Tab -> Cookies to view them. An example of "_ga" cookie looks like below: